ESL	Past Tense
	Blues	Irregular Verbs

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IRREGULAR VERB FORMS THAT ARE THE SAME IN PRESENT, PAST AND PRESENT PERFECT
Base form	Past Tense	Past Participle
bet	bet	bet
cast	cast	cast
cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut
hurt	hurt	hurt
let (allow)	let	let
put	put	put
quit	quit	quit
set	set	set
shed	shed	shed
shut	shut	shut
spread	spread	spread

Use the past tense form of the verb

• in affirmative statements:
  • She saw the movie and she liked it.
• in questions when the question word (who, what, how much/many, which) is the subject:
  • Who saw the accident? What happened exactly? How many people went to hospital?
• in all cases (affirmative, negative, interrogative) with the verb "TO BE"
  • -- Were you and Bob at the party?
    -- I was there, but bob wasn't.

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Use the base form of the verb (the infinitive without "to)

• to form the present tense of most verbs (see quizzes on Present Tense)
• when you use the auxiliary verbs 'do,' 'does,' 'did' to form questions and negatives in the past and present tenses:
  • She has a cat but she doesn't have a dog
  • -- Did you have fun?
    -- Yes, I had a lot of fun.
  • -- No, I didn't have fun.

Use the past participle to form the present perfect tense ( I have seen, done, taken, etc.) and passives ( It was seen, done, taken, etc.)
(See quizzes on Present Perfect and Passives)

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